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Polio vaccine introduced in Australia

WEB1956: Introduction of polio vaccine ends epidemic in Australia. Polio was among the most frightening diseases to affect Australians during the early 20th century. …

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URL: https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/polio-vaccine-introduced-in-australia#!

‘Life. Be in it.’ launch National Museum of Australia

WEBBe in it.’, one of Australia’s most recognisable health promotion campaigns, launches in Victoria. ‘Life. Be in it.’ brand. ‘Life. Be in it.’ was the slogan for what became …

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Smallpox epidemic National Museum of Australia

WEBSmallpox has been one of humanity’s deadliest diseases, though it has now been eradicated. There is still debate over how smallpox broke out in the Sydney area in …

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Postwar immigration drive National Museum of Australia

WEBPostwar immigration drive. Dutch migrants on board the ship SIBAJAK arrive in Port Melbourne, 1954. Between 1945 and 1965, two million immigrants arrived …

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2.4 What was the soldiers’ experience of the Kokoda Trail

WEBA journalist describes the Trail. It is full of malaria, ague, dysentery, scrub typhus, obscure diseases; full of crocodiles and snakes and bloated spiders, leeches, lice, mosquitoes, …

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First public hospital National Museum of Australia

WEB1816: Rum Hospital, the first public hospital in Australia, opens. Interior of the women’s surgical ward, Sydney Hospital, 1890s. Sydney Hospital occupies the site of …

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The First Fleet arrives at Sydney Cove

WEBThe arrival of the First Fleet at Sydney Cove in January of 1788 marked the beginning of the European colonisation of Australia. The fleet was made up of 11 ships carrying convicts …

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Indigenous referendum National Museum of Australia

WEBIn May 1967, after 10 years of campaigning, a referendum on Indigenous recognition in the Australian constitution was held. The lead-up to the poll focused public attention on the …

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Evidence of first peoples National Museum of Australia

WEBEvidence of first peoples. The date of earliest occupation of the Australian continent is constantly changing. New excavations and improved dating techniques push …

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National Apology National Museum of Australia

WEBThe journey to National Apology began with the Bringing Them Home report – the findings of an inquiry instigated by the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity …

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Maralinga National Museum of Australia

WEBEight years later, in December 1993, Britain agreed to make a £20 million ex gratia payment towards the estimated $101 million cost of cleaning up Maralinga. In …

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Medicare National Museum of Australia

WEB1984: Introduction of Medicare. On 1 February 1984 the highly controversial Medicare system was introduced. It established basic health care for all Australians. …

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Defining moments timeline National Museum of Australia

WEBSee our timeline of defining moments in Australian history. More than 300 moments from deep time to the present day, contributed by historians and members of the public.

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Cathy Freeman National Museum of Australia

WEBCathy Freeman competing in the final of the women’s 400 metres in Sydney on 25 September 2000. On 15 September 2000 Aboriginal athlete Cathy Freeman lit the …

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Influenza pandemic National Museum of Australia

WEBAn estimated 50 million people worldwide died as a result of the global influenza pandemic at the end of the First World War. Australia’s swift quarantine …

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Marriage equality National Museum of Australia

WEBThe Marriage Act 1961 is the federal law which sets out marriage eligibility and the requirements for a marriage to be legally recognised in Australia. Prior to its …

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Historical milestones National Museum of Australia

WEB1976: The Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act is passed, the first attempt by the Australian Government to legally recognise the Aboriginal system of land ownership. …

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Gough Whitlam National Museum of Australia

WEBGough Whitlam 5 December 1972 to 11 November 1975. Gough Whitlam came into office in late 1972. The Australian Labor Party had been in opposition for 23 years, and …

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Whitlam dismissal National Museum of Australia

WEBWhitlam dismissal. On 11 November 1975, after a series of dramatic events including a 1974 double dissolution and a budgetary supply crisis, the Gough Whitlam …

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Convict transportation peaks National Museum of Australia

WEBConvict transportation peaks. Between 1788 and 1868 more than 162,000 convicts were transported to Australia. Of these, about 7,000 arrived in 1833 alone. The …

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