Medicalguidelines.msf.org
3.8 Health promotion MSF Medical Guidelines
Web3.8.3 Messages. Key messages must specifically focus on cholera and the current outbreak. They must be simple, clear and consistent. People must at least be made familiar with: the symptoms of the disease. what to do in the event of watery diarrhoea. individual prevention measures. the outbreak control measures set up (location of CTC, ORP
Actived: 3 days ago
URL: https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/en/viewport/CHOL/english/3-8-health-promotion-23448880.html
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) MSF Medical …
WebChagas disease is a zoonosis caused by the protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted to humans by contact of triatomine bug faeces with a break in the skin (often caused by a bite from the triatomine bug), or with mucous membranes. Transmission by contaminated blood transfusion, accidental exposure to blood, mother-to-child (during
About MSF Medical Guidelines
WebAbout. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is an international, independent medical humanitarian organisation that provides medical assistance to people affected by conflict, epidemics, disasters, or exclusion from healthcare. MSF’s medical guidelines provide clear recommendations and standardized protocols for use in resource-limited environments.
HIV infection and AIDS MSF Medical Guidelines
WebAcquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Two subtypes of HIV have been identified. HIV-1 is more widespread than HIV-2, the latter mainly being found in West Africa. HIV-2 is less virulent and less transmissible than HIV-1.
Dehydration MSF Medical Guidelines
WebDehydration results from excessive loss of water and electrolytes from the body. If prolonged, dehydration can compromise organ perfusion, resulting in shock. It is principally caused by diarrhoea, vomiting and severe burns. Children are particularly susceptible to dehydration due to frequent episodes of gastroenteritis, high surface area to
1.1 Introduction and epidemiology MSF Medical Guidelines
Web1.1.2 Frequency and distribution. Cholera cases occur in all regions of the world, but many countries, including highly endemic countries, do not report cholera cases to the World Health Organization (WHO). However, it has been estimated that 1.3 to 4 million cholera cases and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths occur every year worldwide [1]
3.2 Case identification and management MSF Medical Guidelines
WebThey are mainly intended to: 1. Provide oral rehydration therapy: it is estimated that 70% of cholera cases develop mild to moderate diarrhoea and require oral treatment only. Early oral therapy helps avoid the appearance or aggravation of significant dehydration that would require hospitalization. 2.
Prevention of mother-to-child
WebIntroduction. Globally, new paediatric HIV infections decreased from 270 000 (230 000-330 000) in 2009 to 160 000 (110 000-260 000) in 2018, with only an 8% decline in the last 2 years. More than 90% of these children were infected through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Without intervenion, the risk of transmission is 15-30% in non
ORAL REHYDRATION SALTS = ORS MSF Medical Guidelines
WebPrevention of dehydration (WHO - Treatment plan A) Child under 24 months: 50 to 100 ml after each loose stool (approximately 500 ml daily) Child from 2 to 10 years: 100 to 200 ml after each loose stool (approximately 1000 ml daily) Child over 10 years and adult: 200 to 400 ml after each loose stool (approximately 2000 ml daily)
Severe acute malnutrition MSF Medical Guidelines
WebSevere acute malnutrition (SAM) results from insufficient energy (kilocalories), fat, protein and/or other nutrients (vitamins and minerals, etc.) to cover individual needs. SAM is frequently associated with medical complications due to metabolic disturbances and compromised immunity. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children
3.4 Hygiene MSF Medical Guidelines
Web3.4.1 Hand hygiene. Faecal-oral transmission of Vibrio cholerae may be prevented by hand washing with soap and clean water a Citation a. Hands thoroughly washed with soap and water do not need to be disinfected with 0.05% chlorine solution or alcohol based solutions afterwards., at "critical times". Table 3.2 - Critical times when hand washing should be …
11.4 Postpartum complications MSF Medical Guidelines
Web11.4.1 Excessive uterine bleeding. 11.4.2 Infectious complications. Postpartum endometritis and salpingitis. Pelvic abscess or peritonitis. Other infectious complications. 11.4.3 Breast-related complications. Cracked nipples. Breast engorgement. Lymphangitis.
9.5 Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) MSF Medical Guidelines
WebRotating the cannula while applying gentle pressure facilitates insertion. Slowly and cautiously push the cannula into the uterine cavity until it touches the fundus; then pull back 1 cm. Attach the prepared (i.e. under vacuum) sterile syringe to the cannula. Release the valves on the syringe to perform the aspiration.
6.5 Campaign logistics MSF Medical Guidelines
Web6.5.7 Waste management. Organisation of waste treatment/disposal. Sorting waste. The importance of logistics during a campaign is often underestimated. Good coordination between the medical and logistics teams in planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring activities is essential for: locating, organizing and managing the central …
7.4 The use of oxytocin during labour MSF Medical Guidelines
Web7.4.2 Risks of using oxytocin during labour. Maternal risk: uterine rupture, especially in a scarred uterus, but in a unscarred uterus as well, particularly if it is overdistended (multiparity, polyhydramnios, multiple pregnancy) or if there is major foeto-pelvic disproportion. Foetal risk: foetal distress due to uterine hypertony (uterine
6.1 Cholera treatment centres (CTC) MSF Medical Guidelines
Web6.1.4 Circulation of patients, attendants and staff. 6.1.5 Equipment. 6.1.6 Signage. 6.1.7 Setting up a CTC. A CTC is an autonomous inpatient facility which has its own general services (latrines, showers, kitchen, laundry, morgue and waste area), stocks and resources (medical and logistics, water and electricity). It operates 24 hours a day.
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